Indian Persecutions :: essays research papers

The text we have studied relates to the integration problem betwixt teh white and Indian population of United States Indians are called Native-Americans because they have lived there for centuries. White Europeans arrived in the 17th century on their land during the conquest of the spic-and-span territories. The oppositeness of two cultures led to numerous problems we will discuss later but, basically, we had the Indian culture related to nature, natural living in direct confrontation with the white industrial and urban culture. By 1950, unemployment was high among native-Americans and the Bureau of Indian Affairs believed the solution was to relocate these populations in urban areas. Indians could see brochures pushing them to get around the country for better conditions in the cities. Many left but half of them came back to their reservation Hydroelectric power needs (les besoins en ...) led ( ont conduit) to many conflicts, e specially for the building of dams (barrages) a s it would flood reservations. Using legal protest and open protest, the Indians succeeded in some cases but other projects flooded most of Dakota s arable land for example. Another sensitive issue is about Fishing rights. Indians have always fished for a living (pour vivre) and thus they have been granted special tribal fishing rights. These rights are now challenged by environmental groups. A movie to illustrate the story of Indians Little Big Man , starring Dustin Hoffman is a 1971 Hollywood movie which broke all stereotypes people had about Indians westerns cow boys, indians.... Indians have often been treated unequally and many protests were held during the 1960s and 1970s.

DOROTHY Essay -- essays research papers

"Dorothy Jean Dandridge" was born on November 9,1922, in Cleveland, Ohio. Her parents (Cyril and Ruby Dandridge) had a troubled marriage, which eventually lead to them going their separate ways. Ruby met the new "love" of her life, a woman, later was much despised by Dottie. She was very domineering and abusive toward Rubys ii children, especially Dottie. Early in their youth Ruby and her friend trained them for performing onstage. Between the ages 4-6 depending on who you ask, was about the time Dorothy and Vivian began performing publicly in Baptist churches, and they toured the country as the gospel singing act, the "Wonder Children "Around the 1930s Dottie &Vivian joined a third girl (Etta Jones) in a song and jump act known as the "Dandridge Sisters" Hard times and the Great Depression forced them to move to Hollywood, where, at age16, "Dandridge Sisters"Dorothy danced with Bill "Bojangles" Robinson in "The Big Broadcast of 1936." The analogous year she sang at legendary Cotton Club in Harlem, where she first met Harold Nicholas, her future husband. Harold was the younger member of the "Nicholas Brothers". They danced with Gene Kelly in "The Pirate". At 17she was performing in Benny Goodmans musical, "Swinging the Dream".Dorothy Dandridge had a natural beauty, and an ideal figure to match Dottie suffered from severe stage fright, but despite this, she play the...

Women In Western Society Essay -- essays research papers

WOMEN IN WESTERN SOCIETYSince the beginning of mankind women have been dominated by men. They were to obey and serve man. Their main role in society was to bear children, take care of the household and to be loyal and faithful to their husbands. They were to quell subjects to males. Many viewed women as slaves to man and that should be placed in a household where they belong because women could not perform the tasks of men.During the renaissance family played a all important(p) role for women. Parents, often to strengthen business and to tighten family bonds arranged many marriages. The male figure was the head of the family. He had authority over everyone. He was in charge and managed of all legal and finical problems. The woman managed only the household. Due to the arranged marriages, women had no emotional feelings for their husbands, which led to temptations. Women were sometimes killed for having an affair, where as men were out loud to have a mistress. Most women family life was their only destiny.Witchcraft affected the lives of many women during the 16th and 17th snow. Lots of women were burned at the stake for beingness accused of being a witch. Most witchcraft trials women of the begin classes were most likely to be accused of witchcraft. tho by the mid 17th century this witchcraft craze was starting to vanish.The Enlightenment questioned the role of women. For centuries men have dominated what the role of women should be. Many male writers believed that that women were lower intellectually value to men. entirely there were some philosophies, which showed some positive feed back for women. They argued that women were capable of all that men are. It was the woman thinkers who added new perspectives to the women question by suggesting better improvements for woman. Those thinkers believed that woman should be better educated. They should be able to learn what men are learning. A English writer Mary Wollstonecraft (1759-1797) was the fonder o f modern European feminism. She began the women movement argument the rightfields of women. She declared, that women should have equal rights with education and in economic and political life.During the French Revolution woman began to show that they werent afraid anymore. aft(prenominal) the Declaration of Rights of Man and citizen on August 26, 1789. Women started questioning themselves , do this rights include women. These law br... ...were women because men believed that womens natural role was to take care of children. There was still being paid lower salaries.In 1830, a number of women in United States and Europe worked together in several movements. They wanted more improvement for women. They wanted to secure disassociate and property laws. Some women were able to get access to higher education. First they took over teaching them the medical field. This movement soon entered the political world. They believed women should have the right to vote. Only in a few countries and states the women won.Both Mussolini and Hitler believed that women should stay home and bear children. They both wanted women out of the work force. The women worked to hard to get where they are. No dictator would drive them out. They both failed. After World War 2 things started to change. Women made up lots of the work force. They occupied the same traditional jobs. But salaries still didnt change they were being paid less then men. Many women still faced inequality. They still had to raise a family. They were many women protests after the war. After all the battles and protests women finally got what they deserved a right to vote.

UNDERSTANDIN OIL :: essays research papers

The brutal attacks/bombings this week in New York, and Washington D.C., along with threats of attacks there and elsewhere in the dry land have changed our times forever. While the mass media concentrates on the details of the destruction, and the blanketed words of politicians, I will attempt to understand and explain the events from the fence. BOMBING AND BEING BOMBED be THE SAME THINGS ON DIFFERENT SIDES OF THE FENCE. Terror is not a spontaneous human action without credence. People just dont hijack planes and desire harikari (suicide) without any weight of thought to the action. No one in the media seems to ask WHY DID THESE PEOPLE DO THIS HORRIFIC ACT OF VIOLENCE AND ending? To be able to understand the answer to this, we must first look at our U.S. Mideast Policy. During most of the 20th century, U.S. businesses have worked on attaining oil rights and concessions from countries in the substance East and Eastern Europe. After WWI, secret back door deals by our State Dept. y ielded oil rights from then defeated Turkey to fields in what is forthwith Iraq and Saudi Arabia, in return for looking the other way at a crime against humanity, the Genocide of the Armenians by the Turks. Oil profits have been the motivation factors behind many attempts at counterinsurgency of democratic regimes by the CIA and the U.S in the Middle East (such as Iran in the 1950s, where the Shah replaced the Prime Minister who refused to give up oil rights to the U.S., and since the people couldnt deal with the Shah, an extremist government headed by the Ayatollah Khomeini ultimately prevailed). During the Iran-Iraq war, America supplied both sides with weapons and advice. These are not the actions of a rich great power wanting peace. Lets not forget that Saddam Hussein, before being Americas vision of the Anti-Christ, was a close ally of the U.S., and the CIA. So what was the firm belief system of consecutive American administrations that caused all this to occur ? PEACE IN THE MIDDLE EAST WILL LEAD TO HIGHER vegetable oil AND GASOLINE PRICES. Lets not also forget the power of the Arms industry, disguised as defense, that still sells billions of dollars of weapons to the area. Therefore it has not been in the short-term economic interest of the U.S. to foster Peace in the Middle East. Using the above reasoning, the U.

My Philosophy of Teaching :: Philosophy of Education

Philosophy of Education Deciding what you indigence to do for the rest of your life is a really crucial and hard decision. But for me, this decision was non hard at all because ever since I was a young child, I have always wanted to become a t to each oneer. Many good deal find it amusing when I tell them of my aspirations of becoming a teacher, and they respond by saying that the only reason why I want to be a teacher is because my parents are both teachers. I respond to them by describing what teaching means to me and tell them what I could bring to the teaching professional to conjure it. To me, teaching is such a rewarding career because you have the ability to shape the minds of the future. But with this rewarding career also comes many responsibilities. As a teacher you must be able to realize all the needs of your students and be able to accommodate these needs. I think that this is one of the most important things that teachers must achieve. Th ey should be able to teach non only to the smartest child in the classroom, but also to the slowest child in their classroom. Another very important part of being a teacher is the impression that you make on your students. For many children, their only role model is their teacher. So I conceive that as a teacher you must strive to make a positive impact on your students lives. When children are young, they are not always taught what is right from wrong. They model the behavior in which they see. If a child sees you as a teacher being caring, loving, and respectful to others then they will in treat others in the same way that you did. I know that many of my teachers had this impact on me, and I only hope that some day I can have that impact on a child. When looking at the different philosophies of education I realized that I do not want to just be a Progressivist, I also want to be a Behaviorist and an essentialist. This is due to the fact that I like different aspects o f each philosophy, and I believe if I could tie them all together then I would have a successful classroom.

My Philosophy of Teaching :: Philosophy of Education

Philosophy of Education Deciding what you indispensableness to do for the rest of your life is a very important and hard last. But for me, this decision was non hard at all because ever since I was a young child, I have always wanted to become a teacher. more people find it amusing when I tell them of my aspirations of becoming a teacher, and they respond by saying that the only reason why I want to be a teacher is because my pargonnts are both teachers. I respond to them by describing what teaching means to me and tell them what I could bring to the teaching schoolmaster to enhance it. To me, teaching is such a rewarding career because you have the ability to shape the minds of the future. But with this rewarding career also comes many responsibilities. As a teacher you must be able to realize all the needs of your students and be able to accommodate these needs. I think that this is one of the more or less important things that teachers must achieve. They should be able to teach not only to the smartest child in the classroom, but also to the slowest child in their classroom. other very important part of being a teacher is the impression that you make on your students. For many children, their only role model is their teacher. So I believe that as a teacher you must strive to make a positive impact on your students lives. When children are young, they are not always taught what is right from wrong. They model the behavior in which they see. If a child sees you as a teacher being caring, loving, and respectful to others then they bequeath in treat others in the same way that you did. I know that many of my teachers had this impact on me, and I only hope that some twenty-four hours I can have that impact on a child. When looking at the several(predicate) philosophies of education I realized that I do not want to just be a Progressivist, I also want to be a Behaviorist and an essentialist. This is due to the fact th at I like different aspects of each philosophy, and I believe if I could tie them all together then I would have a successful classroom.

Political Analysis of Qatar

POLITICAL ENVIRONMENT Qatar also known as state of Qatar is a sovereign Arab state, located in western Asia. Its furbish up land border is with Saudi Arabia to the south, with the rest of its territory surrounded by the Persian disconnect. A strait of the Persian Gulf separates Qatar from nearby island state of Bahrain. Qatar has been rule absolutely by Al-Thani family since the mid 19th century. Formerly a British protectorate noted for pearl hunting, it became indep depotent in 1971.Since, then it has become unriv all tolded of the regions wealthiest states because of its enormous embrocate and natural gas revenues. The nearly important positioning Qatar are held by the members of the al Thani family, or close confidants of the al Thani family in 1992 Qatar built a strong military ties with united states of America and Qatar is now location of U. S. central commands forward headquarters and the feature air operations tenderness. Qatar has the worlds highest GDP per capita and proven reserves of oil and natural gas.Qatar tops the list worlds richest countries by Forbes in 2010. Qatar did not emerge as a separate political entity until the mid 19th century when the British recognized sheikh Mohamed put in Thani. This recognition came in the subsequentlymath of mari date Qatari Bahrain war of 1867 1868, prior to which the British saw Qatar as a Bahraini dependency of al Khalifa. In march 1893, at the battle of Wajbah (10 miles west of Doha), Sheikh Jassim defeated the ottomans and forced a treaty that would later form the basis of Qatar emerging as a separate nation.The sacrifice of British Empire diminished after World War 2, especially following Indian independence in 1947. Pressure increased on British government in 1950s and British welcomed Kuwaits declaration of independence in 1961. In 1968 Qatar joined Bahrain and seven other states in a federation, but regional dispute forced Qatar to resign from coalition. Qatar became independent sovere ign state on 3 September 1971. In 1991 Qatar played a probatory role in Persian Gulf War against Iraqi army. They supported Saudi Arab National Guard units.In 1995 emir Hamad bin Khalifa al Thani seized control of the country from his father Khalifa bin Hamad al Thani while his father was enjoying vacation in Switzerland. Under emir Hamad Qatar has showed notable change like womens right to vote, compose a new constitution, and launch of Al Jazeera. Qatar served as headquarter and mavin of the main launching sites of U. S. invasion of Iraq in 2003. In December 2010, Qatar was selected to host the 2022 FIFA world cup and thus Qatar will be the first country of Middle East to host the tournament.Qataris celebrate their national day on 18th December. On this day the people of Qatar remembers Sheikh Jassim Bin Mohammad al Thani as a leader in 1878 and the force which supported Sheikh Jassim. Executive Branch In Qatar, the belief Al Thani family continued to hold power following th e declaration of independence in 1971. The head of state is the Emir, and the right to rule Qatar is passed on within the Al Thani family. Politically, Qatar is evolving from a traditional society into a modern welfare state.Government departments have been established to meet the requirements of social and economic progress. The Basic Law of Qatar 1970 institutionalized local anesthetic custom rooted in Qatars conservative Moslem heritage, granting the Emir preeminent power. There is no electoral system. Political parties are banned. The influx of dislodge Arabs has introduced ideas that call into question the tenets of Qatars traditional society, but there has been no serious challenge to Al Thani rule.In February 1972, the Deputy Ruler and Prime take care, Sheikh Khalifa bin Hamad, deposed his cousin, Emir Ahmed, and assumed power. This move was supported by the key members of Al Thani and took place without violence or signs of political unrest. On June 27, 1995, the Deputy R uler, Sheikh Hamad bin Khalifa deposed his father, Emir Khalifa, in a bloodless coup. Emir Hamad and his father reconciled in 1996. reputational Authorities His highness the Emir is the head of the constitutional authorities, retentiveness both legislative and executive powers.The Council of ministers assists in implementing the general policies of the state and the advisory Council gives recommendations and advice on public matters referred to it by the Council of ministers. Emir The Emir is the ruler of the state. Ruler in Qatar is hereditarily within the family of Al-Thani, whereby, power is transferred from father to son. In case no son is available, power is transferred to the person whom the Emir chooses within the family of Al-Thani in accordance with the Emiri Decision No (3) for 1995 amending around provisions of the Amended ProvisionalConstitution on hereditary transfer of power. The Heir Apparent is ordained in accordance with the manner stipulated in the Article No (21) of the Constitution and carries the title of His amplyness the Heir Apparent. Article (17) of the Amended Provisional Constitution authorizes the Emir to issue decrees based on the advice of the Council of Ministers and in the consultation with the Advisory Council. Article (18) gives powers to the Emir assisted by the Council of ministers. The Emir thus holds both legislative and executive powers with the assistance of Council of Ministers and the Advisory Council.The Emirs role is influenced by continuing traditions of consultation, rule by consensus, and the citizens right to appeal personally to the Emir. The Emir, while directly accountable to one, cannot violate the Sharia (Islamic law) and, in institutionalize, must conduct the opinions of leading notables and the religious establishment. Council of Ministers The supreme chancellor has the exclusive power to appoint and remove the prime minister and cabinet ministers who, together, comprise the Council of Ministers, w hich is the supreme executive pronouncement in the country.The Council of Ministers also initiates legislation. Laws and decrees proposed by the Council of Ministers are referred to the Advisory Council (Majilis Al Shura) for discussion after which they are submitted to the Emir for ratification Political parties and elections Qatar held a constitutional referendum in 2003, which was overwhelmingly supported. The first municipal elections with men and women voters and candidates were held in 2007 and 2011. The first legislative councils 45 seats are planned for 2013.Suffrage is currently curb to municipal elections and twain thirds of the seats in the legislative council, with the voting age number of residents who are prevented from applying for citizenship. The selected municipal Council has no executive powers but may offer advice to the ministers. administrative divisions Map of the municipalities of Qatar, since 2004 Before 2004, Qatar was divided into ten municipalities, al so occasionally or rarely translated as governorates or provinces 1. Doha (Ad Dawhah) 2. Al Ghuwariyah 3. Al Jumaliyah 4. Al Khawr 5. Al Wakrah 6. Ar Rayyan 7.Jariyan al Batnah 8. Madinat ash Shamal 9. Umm salal 10. Mesaieed Since 2004, Qatar has been divided into seven municipalities. A new municipality, Al Daayen, was created under Resolution No. 13, formed from parts of Umm Salal and AlKhawr at the same time, Al Ghuwariyah was integrate with Al Khawr AlJumaliyah was merged with Ar Rayyan Jarayan al Batnah was split surrounded by Ar Rayyan and AlWakrah and Mesaieed was merged with Al Wakrah. For statistical purposes, the municipalities are further subdivided into zones (87 in number as of 2004), which are in turn subdivided into blocks.The constitutional development in Qatar graduated from one phase to another, keeping pace with the development of the country and its economic growth. The first provisional constitution was issued in 1970 before independence and it was amended in 1972 after independence, in order to cope with the requirements and responsibilities of the new phase. Since that time the objectives and features of the state policy and its Gulf, Arab and Islamic affiliations were determined.The States authorities and apparatus acquired their experience from actually practicing these authorities in the inherent and external domains. Amendments were made on some provisions of the provisional basic statute in regard to the executive authority and hereditary rule so as to conclude the constitutional arrangements in the country. The judiciary act and other basic laws, which were enacted to regulate civil and commercial interactions, were other steps on the federal agency to build up the government apparatus and lay down the foundation for the rule of institutions and the law.To reach that goal, an Emiri Decree was issued in July 1999 to form a high take committee to draft a new, permanent constitution for the country, one of the main provisions of which would be to cope with the achievements of the State of Qatar and to meet the aspirations and hopes of the 21st century. At the end of June 1999, the Prime Minister Sheikh Abdullah Bin Khalifa Al-Thani issued a decision to form a ministerial committee mandated to study the planning of future economic and industrial development in the country in the light of current global trends. In December 1999 H.H. the Emir Sheikh Hamad Bin Khalifa Al-Thani issued an Emiri Decree to form the High Committee for Coordination and Follow Up, chaired by H. H. the Heir Apparent Sheikh Jassim Bin Hamad Al-Thani. The Committee is mandated to study the projects proposed by the ministries of public utilities and services sector and civilize to explore the way to improve coordination among these ministries with a view to enhance cooperation and optimize the implementation of projects. In 1999, free elections were held to form the rudimentary Municipal Council for the first time in the history of Qa tar.The historic event marked the countrys first step towards democracy in its civic sense. In a pioneering move, women were allowed both to vote and melt down as candidates in this initial step towards popular participation in decision making in the country. Human rights To western eyes, the Qatari authorities front to keep a relatively tight rein freedom of expansion and moves for equality. The Freedom in the World 2010 report by Freedom House lists Qatar as Not Free and on a 1-7 scale rates the country a 6 for political rights and 5 for civil liberties.As of 2011, the Democracy Index describes Qatar an despotical regime with the source of 3. 18 out of 10, and ranks 138th out of 167 countries covered. The citizens of Qatar enjoy equal civil rights and responsibilities without discrimination on grounds of race, origin or religion. Laws cannot be use retroactively and no sentence may be passed except under the terms of existing law. A suspect is innocent until is proven guilty an d is authorise to a fair trial. The civil liberties guaranteed by the state include the right of residence, freedom of press and publication and private ownership.These rights cannot be circumscribed except where the practice of such rights contravenes the law or the public interest. The basic statute requires all those residing in the state to observe public order and respect public customs and morals. On its part, the state is responsible for providing public jobs for all residents. Legislative Branch The advisory Council can draft and approve laws, but final say is in the hands of Emir. The council has 45 members, 30 of whom are elected by direct, general secret ballot, and 15 of whom are appointed by the Emir.An Advisory Council or Majlis Al-Shura has limited legislative authority to draft and approve laws, but the Emir has final say on all matters. No legislative elections have been held since 1970 when there were partial(p) elections to the body In 2003, Qatar adopted a new constitution that provided for the direct election of 30 of the 45members of Advisory Council. As of 2012, the Council is composed entirely of members appointed by the Emir. Elections to the Majlis Al-Shura have been proclaimed, and then postponed, several times.In 2011 the emir announced that elections to the council would be held in the second half of 2013. An elected 29-member Central Municipal Council (CMC) has limited informative authority aimed at improving municipal services. The CMC makes recommendations to the Ministry for Municipal Affairs and Agriculture. Disagreement between the CMC and the Ministry can be brought to the Council of Ministers for resolution. Municipal elections are scheduled for every quad years. The most recent elections for the council were in may 2011. Before 1999, members of the CMC were appointed by the government. Judicial BranchIn 2007, an Administrative Court, a constitutional Court, and Courts of First instances, Appeal and Cassation were est ablished. All resolve are appointed by Amiri degree, on the recommendation of the Supreme Judiciary Council. Terms are for three years. The legal system is based on Islamic and civil law codes, and a discretionary system of law controlled by the Emir. Islamic law dominates family and personal issues. In May 2011, Qatar held nationwide elections for a 29-member Central Municipal Corporation (CMC), which has limited consultative powers aimed at improving the provision of municipal services.Male and female Qataris aged 18 and older are able to vote, and stick out as candidates for election. There are no political parties in Qatar. Consultative Assembly The Consultative Assembly has 35 appointed members with only consultative tasks. However, the 2003 Constitution of Qatar calls for a 45 member elected Legislature, which is to be made up of 30 elected representatives and 15 appointed by the Emir. In 2006, Prime Minister Al Thani-then the Deputy PM- announced that elections would be hel d in 2007. However, only a legislative council to review the subject was created that year.The actual elections have been postponed three times most recently in June 2010, when the Emir extended the Consultative Assemblys tenure until 2013. Foreign Policy H. H. Sheikh Hamad Bin Khalifa Al-Thani, Emir of the state of Qatar is considered a highly competent politician and a abundant contributor to the enrichment of foreign and regional political practice. The manifestations of that contribution are reflected in the boosting of the economic and political cooperation between Qatar and the Gulf Arab States in particular and between Qatar and the rest of the world in general.Such contributions emanate from a strategic vision, which is marked by courage, objectivity and comprehensiveness. The personalities Doha receive during the last five years and the official visits paid by H. H. the Emir Sheikh Hamad Bin Khalifa Al Thani to the three old continents in addition to newton America, all were positively reflected in Qatars high standing amongst the states of the world which qualified it to play a positive and influential role marked by reality, transparency, clarity of vision and the adoption of moderate political approach.On October 10, 2005, for the first time, Qatar was elected to a two-year term on the UN Security Council for 2006-2007. According to BBC, in April 2006 Qatar announced that it will give US$50 jillion to the new Hamas-1ed Palestinian government. Hamas, an ally of Iran and Hezbollah, is considered by the US and the EU to be a terrorist organization. In May 2006, Qatar pledged more than $100 million to Hurricane Katrina relief to colleges and universities in Louisiana affected by the hurricane.Some of this money was also distributed to families looking to repair damaged homes by Neighborhood Housing Services of New Orleans, Inc. Qatar is member of ABEDA, AFESD, AL, AMF, ESCWA, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICAO, ICRM, IDB, IFAD, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF , International Maritime organization, Intelsat Interpol, IOC, ISO, ITU, NAM, OAPEC, OIC, OPCW, OPEC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, and WTO. Most of the developed countries are exempt from visa requirements.Citizens of exempted countries can also postulate a joint visa that allows them to travel to Oman as well Israeli passport holders however are forbidden to enter Qatar. The Qatari government is the chief(a) benefactor of the Al Jazeera television netpiece of work. Accused of biased reporting against some governments, the network has been banned in Kuwait. This has led to strained relations between Qatar and some government in the region who see the Qatari government as responsible for Al Jazeeras purportedly incendiary reporting. International RelationsQatar is very lancinate to participate actively in the efforts to deal with all the concerns and the challenges that the Gulf region encounters. It places increasing emphasis on supporting the Gulf Coopera tion Council (GCC) and spares no effort to gravel about solidarity and strengthen ties of mutual trust and communication between Arab countries, propagates the wisdom of resorting to restful means in resolving all the disputes among the countries, approves the get together Nations efforts to uphold peace and security and works to maintain good relations with all peace-loving people and countries.Qatar rejects and denounces all forms and manifestations of terrorism, regardless of its causes, objectives and means. It, however, differentiates between terrorism and the peoples splutter and legitimate rights of freedom and self-determination in accordance with the provisions of International Laws. Qatar in all regional and international occasions, expresses its grave concerns over the escalation of conflicts, ethnic cleanup spot and denial of the rights of minorities in some countries of Asia, Eastern Europe, Africa and other continents.Qatar welcomes all international agreements co ncluded with a view to resolving such problems and pledges support for the efforts exerted by regional and international organizations to achieve peace and stability in some states and regions of the world. In the International Arena Qatar works very hard to establish close ties of cooperation with all peace-loving countries and people, extends generous financial aid to many developing countries in Asia and Africa and contributes to various regional and international aid funds to create the widest possible driveway of international cooperation.Qatar has always been a staunch supporter of liberation movement and has constantly denounced all kinds of racial discrimination wherever it exists. In May 1994, Qatar hosted the meetings of the regional Security and Arms Limitations General Committee. Qatar adopts a set of principles as a basis for peace and security in the Middle East and the world at large.At the top of those principles comes the abstention from using or threatening to use force against territorial integrity of other countries, and seeking to resolve disputes by peaceful means such as regional or international arbitration, and dialogue. In recognition of Qatars vital role and contribution in the efforts to uphold peace, the special work group of the Regional Security and Arms Limitations General Committee for the Middle East decided in December 1994 to establish a regional center for the group in Doha to act as a front line dispute prevention and resolution facility.And as an expression of appreciation from the international community of the policies adopted by Qatar in the regional and the international spheres, Qatar was elected in March 1995 deputy chairman for the international social development breast Conference, in the context of the UN regional groups representation. U. S. -Qatari Relations A U. S. embassy was established in Doha in 1973, but U. S. relations with Qatar did not blossom until the 1991 Gulf War. The United States promptly recog nized the assumptions of power by Sheikh Hamad in June 1995. Qatars articipation in Arab-Israeli peace process accord with U. S. efforts to foster and expanding dialogue between Israel and Arab States. The two governments differ to some degree in their positions regarding Iran and Iraq. Qatar favors a policy of constructive engagement with these two states. By contrast, the United States favors isolating them through the policy of threefold Containment Trade between United States and Qatar has increased after the Gulf war. U. S. exports to Qatar amounted to $354. 11 million in 1998, consisting mainly of machinery and transport equipment.U. S. imports from Qatar, mainly textiles and fertilizers, totaled $220. 36 million in 1998. Over the past five years, the level of bilateral trade has more than doubled. Although the bulk of Qatars trade continues to be with a few European countries and Japan, several U. S. firms, including Mobil, Occidental, Pennzoil, Enron, and Bechtel are active in the exploitation of Qatars oil and gas resources. Despite the presence of U. S. firms in the Qatari hydrocarbon industry, the U. S. imports virtually no oil from Qatar.Bilateral defense and security cooperation has expanded since the Gulf war. On June 23, 1992, the United States and Qatar concluded a Defense Cooperation agreement that provided for U. S. access to Qatari bases, pre-positioning of United States material, and combined military exercises. Since the agreement, the United States and Qatar have begun to implement plans for pre-positioning U. S. military equipment for a use in a future contingency in the Gulf, including enough tanks and associated equipment for an armored brigade. A warehouse for U. S.Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff General Henry Shelton stated that the pre-positioning station is right on schedule at this time and will be a great enhancement to our capabilities as well as, I think, provide a great capability that we would not have had otherwise Qa tar has also expressed a willingness to host a forward presence for U. S. Central Command and it has begun allowing U. S. P-3 maritime patrols originating from Qatar. On several occasions, Qatar has hosted temporary deployments of U. S. Air Expeditionary Forces that enhance U. S. aircraft carrier coverage of the Gulf 10 Qatar has held informal iscussions about purchasing the U. S. built MI A2 tank and Patriot PAC ill air defense system, but no U. S. sales are anticipated at this time. The U. S. has been supportive of Qatars recent moves toward political liberalization. In March 1999, Rep. Sue Kelly and Rep. Carolyn Maloney headed a congressional delegation that observed Qatars election for a Central Municipal Council. In the elections aftermath, Congress passed a resolution congratulating the state of Qatar and its citizens for their commitment to democratic ideals and womens right to vote (S. Con. Res. 14, March 4, 1999, and H. Con Res. 35, April 13, 1999)

Chlorine and Magnesium Lab Introduction

iLab, Week 3 ATOMIC WEIGHT OF MAGNESIUM LAB foundation garment The purpose of this lab experiment is to determine the atomic metric weight unit of magnesium by measuring the amount of atomic number 1 gas evolved when hydrochloric acid reacts with magnesium. The reaction is as followed Mg + 2HCL ? H2 + Mg2+(aq) + 2Cl-(aq) In this experiment there is a one to one relationship between the number of moles of hydrogen gas evolved and the moles of magnesium metal consumed in the reaction.Therefore in the finding of the experiment moles of H2 evolved is equal to the moles of Mg consumed, and atomic weight of Mg is equal to the weight of Mg consumed per moles of H2 evolved. Procedure 1st. Obtain a 600ml beaker, chip in 300ml of water 2nd. add 30ml of HCl (2M) to the beaker and stir 3rd. add 10mg of Magnesium metal to the beaker 4th. Allow hydrogen gas to evolve, all of the magnesium should be consumed. 6th. Record the amount of hydrogen gas evolved using the chemical property dialog. Ob servations and Results Moles of hydrogen evolved 0. 000829g (8. 29 x 10-4)/ 0. 000411 moles, (4. 1 x 10-4) Calculated atomic weight of magnesium ______________ Atomic weight of Mg = weight of Magnesium/moles of H2 Moles of H2 evolved = moles of Mg consumed Atomic weight of Mg= /0. 000411moles During my observation I noticed that when 10mg of magnesium metal was added to the beaker a shaded area appeared on the bottom of the beaker. When the bubbles stopped and the shaded area in the beaker disappeared it showed that the magnesium has been consumed. Discussion Conclusion Within a few sentences, provide a concluding statement round the results of your laboratory

Happiest memory Essay

I was given a chance to visit the Himalayas, to one of the concealed calculates in the province where a panoramic view was preserved. It was very provincial and solemn. Its coniferous and subtropical forests, wetlands, and montane grasslands are as much a part of this serviceman as the inhospitable, frozen mountaintops that tower above. The mountains were the wrinkles of age and pimples of youth on Earths crusty outer skin. They rose up as the crust collides, cracks, crumbles, folds, and spews. They reign their surroundings with towering height. I clearly remember when I was on my way at that place that the emerald shade produced by the different kinds of trees were smiling and alluring me to pith them.However, what I first saw was just superficial compared to its hidden beauty awaiting me, as I explored the place, especially when I went around the surrounding area where the fair weather ate away the darkness. Since it was miles away from the city, I had to climb up the mountai n. But, as I finally reached its zenith, I could step on the fogs as they rose sledding up to the sky and formed as clouds I could feel that I was on the top of the world, consequently the cold dewdrops touched my toes as they dispersed and went on with the air.After a while, I didnt know that I still had to clamber down to finally reach another astonishing place. From there, I stayed in my grandfathers ancestral house. Nearby, I could see the hills planted with rice. Their fronds were swaying and dancing as the wind blew. Some were brimming with the golden yellow grains ready to harvest. At the backyard, an array of different trees weighed down with copious fruits that were mouthwatering. On the other side, were bountiful vegetables watered with love and care. These plants were within a reach which served as our everyday food.The whirl guide took me to one part of their place which truly took my breath away to my surprise, they let me ride at the back of their _Carabao_, thus, I felt the tail of it at as it swung from side to side. As I got there, I was amazed at what I saw The river was crystal clear the pebbles were like diamonds that glittered in the water. I unconstipated felt like bathing in the river and it felt good knowing that the river was unpolluted. I didnt even see any moss nor trash, instead just arid leaves falling from the trees that surrounded it, but I was oblivious as to where the water took theleaves as they swam away from my sight.Furthermore at night, the place was covered with darkness since there was no electricity in the place, however, thanks to the moonlight, for it lit the entire place, plus the flashing lights of fireflies were everywhere providing at least a little bit of glitter that made the night more beautiful. Gazing upon the sky, I was struck by the darkness of the night, darker than smeared charcoal, small splashes of gold glittering here and there as if an artist had brazenly attempted to light it without aim smoky grey clouds deteriorate under the florescent silver beams of the moon, as if they were shadows to be banished. The stars were like diamonds illuminated in the sky thus making me realise how spectacular the place was. For me, it was really the best place I have ever been.Whatever I experienced from that place forget be kept in my heart and memory forever because I know that it is probably the last time I will see that place as beautiful and conserved as it was. I hope that the people living there will continually take good care of their milieu as much as they care and value themselves. My heart pounds and shrieks with some strong attachment as I feel as if there is a powerful force in my soul clinging and digging itself into the mountain, urging me not to let go. I believed that I was protected by the wings of nature and as if I was away from the demands of the mortal world.

Hiroshima- Book Report

Hiroshima John Hersey Book Report Natalie Kirby Hiroshima by John Hersey is a collection of biographies from six survivors from the jokering of Hiroshima. John Hersey wrote this go for as an essay at first, but then the New York newspaper made a big deal come to the fore of it and how good it was. So a few months later he got it published. The setting of this book is in Hiroshima, Japan during the bombing (1945) and after the bombing.John Hersey wrote this book to tell what these six people were doing when the bomb hit, how they survived, what their reaction was to the damage and the aftermath of their lives. This book wasnt all that interesting but I liked the part where Mr. Tanimoto was running to get to his church and city. Along the why he found his wife and their new born infant, yet he did non embrace them instead he simply said, Oh, good your safe. Then he listened to his wife tell him how she got surface and where she was heading.After that the two split up again. I think it is interesting how semiconsciousness can affect people. In this book John Hersey explains what each person was doing during the twenty-four hour period minutes before the bomb was dropped on Hiroshima. All of the six people were going about their business on what they thought was going to be a normal day. Miss. Toshnki Sasaki was a clerk in the East Asia Tin Works, Dr. Masakazu was a physician a few family problems, Mrs. Hatsuyo Nakamura was a Tailors widow, Father Wilhelm Kliensorge was a German priest, Dr.Terufumi Sasaki was a young surgeon, and Mr. Kiyoshi Tanimoto was a pastor of the Hiroshima Methodist Church. All of them experienced an extremely bright flash that momentarily blinded them. Seconds later they were pushed out away from the center were the bomb was dropped. Most of them were buried under the debris of the buildings they were in or standing right next to. Then they all went into shock and migrated to the park, which was not affected by the bomb, for shel ter many grabbed clothes and food that was still good.As the people went to the park they suffered many problems caused by the radiation in the bomb and had to make many hospital visits. The last part of the book is the aftermath and how the people lived their lives after the bombing. This book was a very informational, however I would not recommend it to someone looking for an action filled or just a good read. Also I would only recommend this book to eighth graders and higher.

Personal Views Ethics

u01a1 Personal Views Ethics Essay Each soul should live with moral standards. To distinguish mingled with the right and wrong is establish on the persons ethics. It describes what kind of values and beliefs does the person has. In ancestry, it composed of standard ethics that serves as a guideline among employees ab unwrap their expectation to the corporation. Newell S. stated that ethics in backing focuses on identifying the moral standards of right and wrong as they apply to behaviour indoors and across business institutions and new(prenominal) related organizations.The goal of business is to gain profit but, the fair practices they implement internally and externally matters because the values they represents reflects the ethics of the company. Rajeeve stated that the lack of business ethics in the market is the reason the world economy is presently in crisis. Unethical practices such as dishonesty, lack of transp arncy, creating sour documents, and sexual discrimination are activities that are not fair. A Quick Ethics Test from Dayton Fandray of Raytheon Company was chosen to distinguish the ethical values of the person when faced in dilemmas.Consider the following article Drawbacks of Business EthicsIt includes the information some legalities, the affected person of such case, fitting of right values, the appearance in newspaper, its reflection on the company, the choice of being right and the feeling towards the result (Salopek J. , 2001). Through this test, the company can assess the capabilities of their employees in terms of ethical thinking. A concrete briefing about the companys ethics is needed as a recommendation after the assessment. This test is valid to develop the employees ability in close making against the companys policy and procedures, regulations, values and self-The effects of ethics in Business perspective. When an employee turns to a gray last situation, reflecting through this test is essentially help before proceeding. M yths of Business Ethics Ketz, E. (2003) stated that many myths exist in the business world. He lay out seven ethics and five were further discussed in the following section. The first myth selectn is about the non-existence of business ethics. Principles of ethics were come from the personal life. The correlational statistics of ethics to the aspects of life is given proof and justifiable than the business ethics itself.The value of honesty is adapted from the persons calibre and applied in the business policy. Ethics is a matter of education alone. This explains that those who are educated are the only when one who has ethics. But, most unethical people in the business world came from the prestigious universities. Responsibility for ethical education rests with colleges and universities. This myth emphasizes that colleges and universities are accountable for the training of ethics of such person. To clarify this, ethics is learn through ones belief and shape by the experiences gain.The behaviour or attitude reflects the character of the person as a whole. Ethics is different from maths that needs to be computed or English that needs to be grammatically correct. The effects of ethics Business Ethical dilemmas are episodic. This myth explains that ethical problems comes only occasionally during ones life. Ethical dilemmas are not planned. It came out unexpectedly and the frequent encounter of it doesnt count. It doesnt have limits on how many times it volition come to the persons live.Professional ethics can be separated from personal ethics. This myth is not true. The ethics of such person reflects with its own character. The instruction the person presents himself whether in the business or personal aspects of his life is the same. Decision Making Ethics in business serves as a guide to employees to give confidence in their decision. It equips them tools and references that will help in decision making. It established unified rules and belief that wil l entrust each employee to help each other towards the goal of the company.Effective leaders in the company influence the factors of the success against the endeavours. They are the key decision maker. The person in this position should have strong character and principles that will not oppose to the companys unified ethics. They are the people who are personally ethical in word, thought, and deed and who conduct their decision making openly so that theyre perceived as ethical even from a distance. In a corporation, the decision maker varies from the higher position to the lower. thither are different areas of expertise divided into different subdivision.Decisions about prospective The effects of ethics in Business Clients were under the jurisdiction of sales department and not with the finance group. There are boundaries and responsibility within their own people. The leader of each group evaluates certain cases, reacts and form a solution based on companys ethics. Conclusion Havi ng a business ethics is important. Chen E. emphasizes the code of ethics symbolizes the ethical responsibilities of the company and the expectations of its employees. It serves a guide to the employees and the company as well.The success of the company varies with the ethics they have. And the ethics are based to the people involved in the organization who run and facilitate the business. Ethics are not made for displays but, for application with purpose. The challenge of being ethical an unethical in the business world has been raised. Despite the rampant unethical leaders in different industries, one of the objective can possess is the elimination of unethical business leader as start with ourselves. It can serves as a simulation to other beginners and will lessen the possible add- ons.The other objective or expectation for this course is to learn more in depth about the different business ethics among different companies. The issues and lawsuit tendered can be the case for justi fication and reference. The last expectation is to finally adapt or embrace the business ethics in the concept of being a future leader or businessman/women. References Chen E. Main Principles of Business Ethics. Retrieved from http//ezinearticles. com/? Main-Principles-of-Business-Ethics&id=4502579 Ketz, E. 2003) The Accounting Cycle Myths about Ethics. Retrieved from http//accounting. smartpros. com/x38366. xml Newell S. Business Ethics Q finance. Retrieved from http//www. qfinance. com/contentFiles/QF02/g1xtn5q6/12/2/business-ethics. pdf Rajeev L. Ethical and Unethical Business Practices. Retrieved from http//www. buzzle. com/articles/ethical-and-unethical-business-practices. html Salopek J. , (July 2001) Right Thing business ethics. Retrieved from http//findarticles. com/p/articles/mi_m4467/is_7_55/ai_77713888/pg_3/? tag=contentcol1

Observing the Role of Homeostasis in the Body after Exercise

Observing the role of homeostasis in the form after exercise Biology (T) Functioning Organisms Biology Practical Report 0383210 Mrs Woinarski cod 14th November 2012 Introduction Homeostasis plays a vital role in the maintenance of a normal environment in which bodily systems are able to piece most efficiently. The importance of homeostasis put forward be seen in strain air pressure and im thrill roam, as measurements which are not in the normal range can create serious health problems. Exercise has a known effect on both of these systems, as it responses in a rise in body temperature and dilation of origin vessels, as well as an increase in breathing rate.By measuring how these rates return to normal levels after exercise trys homeostasis in the body, and helps to describe the ways in which the endocrine system and organs involved impact this. Aim To demonstrate the role of homeostasis in reaching normal levels for pulse rate and contrast pressure after an increase due to exercise and investigate which of the relative feedback systems works faster to achieve homeostasis. Apparatus Stopwatch 1. 5m Skipping leash Electric railway line pressure monitor MethodUsing the electric blood pressure monitor, both blood pressure and pluse rate were measured at a resting level for the first participant. In an open area, participant was asked to skip 100 times using rope, without any break. Immediately afterwards, the stopwatch was set and the blood pressure and pulse rate of the participant were measured using the blood pressure monitor and recorded. Using the stopwatch to see time after exercise, blood pressure and pulse rates were measured again at t=1, t=5 and t=10, where t equals minutes after exercising.The entire military operation was completed on each participant individually. Results Raw Data Table 1 Results for Participant 1 Time (t) Pulse rate (bpm) race pressure (mmHg) -1 88 105/67 0 140 135/119 1 128 138/69 5 108 113/63 10 96 109/66 Table 2 Results for Participant 2 Time (t) Pulse rate (bpm) Blood pressure (mmHg) -1 90 100/70 0 150 130/100 1 120 120/82 5 100 112/75 10 93 103/70 Table 3 Results for Participant 3Time (t) Pulse rate (bpm) Blood pressure (mmHg) -1 81 112/68 0 100 120/93 1 95 117/90 5 91 113/81 10 80 110/69 Table 4 Results for Participant 4 Time (t) Pulse rate (bpm) Blood pressure (mmHg) -1 92 126/79 0 92 154/65 1 92 143/67 5 92 131/60 10 92 125/71 Table 5 Results for Participant 5 Time (t) Pulse rate (bpm) Blood pressure (mmHg) -1 86 80/55 0 90 85/67 1 89 85/67 5 87 83/68 10 83 79/53 Processed Data DiscussionThe results of this experiment effectively demonstrate the role of homeostasis in returning both pulse rate and blood pressure to normal rates after exercising, as can be seen in the trends in the data provided. As seen in graphs 1, 2 and 3 the trend was a peak in both blood pressure and pulse rate immediately after exercise, followed by a slower decrease to normal levels. Pulse rate, as seen in graph 1, changed quite dramatically in participants 1 and 2 after exercise, and although this same peak is not so obvious in participants 3 and 5, they show a similar pattern.The difference in plateful of change here could be affected by many uncontrollable variables, such as the participants fitness levels. However, by comparing each participants results to their resting levels, an accurate description can be made. Participant 4 is, in this case, an anomaly, as exercise did not have any effect on their pulse rate (Table 4). Graphs 2 and 3 show the participants change in blood pressure as a result of exercise, separated into systolic and diastolic blood pressure measurements.Again, a peak can be seen immediately after exercise as blood is being forced throughout the body to come forth nutrients to muscles which have just been used, shown in both systolic and diastolic rates. Blood pressure returns to normal through a homeostatic process after exercise, as a result in the changing size of blood vessels. After blood pressure had returned to normal, in the majority of participants, it then in fact keep to decrease slightly before creating a new resting level. This is a result of the dilation of blood vessels, which then move more easily through arteries. deathIn conclusion, the process of homeostasis in returning to normal levels of blood pressure and pulse rate after exercise have effectively been demonstrated. The different speeds at which these homeostatic processes are completed are a result of the endocrine feedback systems involved. Sources of error in the experiment are the limited results obtained as a result of time constraints. For a more accurate outcome, more participants should be tried and true so that any anomalies can be disregarded, and each participant should be tested multiple times to obtain average results as a way to avoid any mechanical errors.As the same device was used to test the blood pressure and pulse rate of each participant, mechanical error was reduced, however multiple tests would have improved the results. Bibliography Homeostatic mechanisms 2012, WestAustralian Government, viewed 10 November at http//tle. westone. wa. gov. au/ electrical capacity/file/ea6e15c5-fe5e-78a3-fd79-83474fe5d808/1/hum_bio_Science_3a. zip/content/003_homeostasis/page_05. htm Hardy, Richard N. 1983, Homeostasis, 2nd ed, Edward Arnold, London pic pic pic

Perseverance: Harriet Tubman

reedom, and in her quest for freeing others. I will also describe the obstacles she overcame, and who supported her in her cause of being free. Harriet Tubman was an Afro-American abolitionist, humanitarian, and Union spy during the American Civil War. Her biggest accomplish handst was her escape to freedom, and not provided did she free herself, but also others. She was the most famous conductor of the ohmic resistance Railroad. Throughout a 10-year span, Tubman made more than 20 trips down to the South and led over 300 slaves from bondage to freedom.Perhaps the most shocking fact approximately Tubmans journeys back and forth from the South was that she never lost a single passenger. This is the most shocking because there were more obstacles facing her then, that a murderer promptly Her biggest fear then, was being caught. The only way she could persevere through this, is going on regardless. Regardless of what happened, regardless of what she or anybody else believed, she wen t on because she had the courage and will fountain to do it. Throughout her journey, she overcame many obstacles. Fear being the biggest one and her priorities the next.As stated before, I believe that she overcame fear by going on, no matter how stiff she tried, or how tired she grew, she kept going on. Her next obstacle in line was taking care of her followers. It has been stated that, there were many times, when her passengers wanted to plough around, give up. They were tired, they were hungry, and there was no way, that she could take care of them alone. I firmly believe that the Underground Railroad was a gift from God. I believe he saw that she struggled, he saw that she was tired, but he also so the cause of her going on and fighting.The Underground Railroad was her way through her obstacles. It was a safe haven for not only her, but her passengers too. She had the will power, and the faith to do it, but faith without work to me, is dead. The Underground Railroad also allo wed her to pull together various people. Being a slave in the South, youd think that all Caucasian men were slave owners, but it surprised and inspired her, when she met Caucasian men in the North. She was surprised because these men were standing against and standing for what she hoped and believed in, freedom.It was men like former President John Quincy Adams, William Lloyd Garrison, and Thomas Garrett. They took part in speaking against it, and abolishing it. near abolitionists were Caucasian, but the ones who actually valued freedom most, were the ones who escaped. It was people like Sojourner Truth and Frederick Douglass who inspired her to go on, and fight against what was right. In her lifetime, Harriet Tubman showed perseverance by not only freeing herself, but also over 300 passengers. She overcame many obstacles, but with the help of her supporters in her cause of being free, she made it through.

She Never Lies

The whole room goes silent. This is what Ive been waiting for. promise this is what its wish well at my school, to hold in in you either act yourself and if thats good enough youre lucky, if not some serious sucking up is to be done. And thats what Joanne did.I, myself, Im an outgoing, semi-confident girl and I railway care about how I look and appear towards other(a)s. Basic exclusivelyy I rightful(prenominal) like to relieve oneself fun. Now Joanne and I are in the same class and have a sharpness of a giggle now and then. We are essenti anyy outstrip friends. Well we utilize to be anyway.Right, Ill start from the beginning Joanne was expert a shy, self-conscious girl who underestimated herself notwithstanding was perfect how she was because whole her friends, including me, loved her very much. Then they came along. Basically they are the other people in our gambol unite. well-nigh of them are older than we are and most of us have fun and fit in as we are, she would a s well if she didnt think she had to change herself to be accepted.Ill explain to you what she does, especially around older guys. See when shes around guys she for endures that any of her girly friends exist and its just like she thinks she doesnt need us around them, just because she likes creation the centre of attention. To move the older girls to like her she sucks up to them as much as she can its just unbelievable. We, her original friends, hate the tender her, and just cannot stand it.Last week everyone in the drama club were getting all excited because we had been invited to a summertime party in the holidays at a guys house. alone us girls were planning what to wear and how we should do our hair, blah blah blah, stuff like that. Joanne on the other hand, couldnt care less about our little girly chats and goes off with the boys yet again, and just abandons us. Now its starting to get out of hand.after a few days of being ignored I impression I would stand up to her and calmly explain what shes done. She denies it all, takes everything I verbalize the wrong way and puts everything out of rest and turns everything around so that its all about her. Which it really isnt. I just wish that all her new friends knew what she was really like and what she says about them behind their backs. I want to tell them all, but they will never believe me.To them, she is innocent.Finally Joanne is not in school, probably ill. That means that me and my best best mate, Lucy, get to give tongue to to our drama club in private at our last get together before the summer. Sorted. The hardly problems we could conjure up by doing this is A them believing us, and B them ending up hating us for say such things about Joanne in the first place. We took that risk and went for it. They didnt seem too hateful they understood our reasoning, and the detail we have known her for longer and we made a deal. They get her drunk at the party and get it all out of her, if not then we are in for complete humiliation. This will be interesting.The summer was great just my friends and I. Obviously that didnt include Joanne, she was way too busy doing drama or whatever exempt she could think of. We all knew she was with them. In the end, we just didnt bother calling her to insure up because we knew she would have other arrangements.A few days before the party some of the drama guys asked me, Lucy and some others if we precious to meet up. They said that it was important plus they hadnt seen us in ages, but we soon realised that was just a white lie to get us to come out. So naturally we accepted and went to the park. It was fun abeyance out with everyone again, Friday was flavour better and better to me.After I got home from my fun and exhausting day, I find that I am ambushed by texts and calls from Joanne. She was having a go at me for going out with her friends without her. I just ignored her because I thought she was being a bit of a hypocrite to be honest , and by that time Id had enough. The deal looked more promising by the minute.Its Friday, and I am so importunate for tonight to begin. I manage to control myself and go out shopping for a new output with Lucy. Clearly that took us all day, so when I got home it was time to make myself gorgeous. It took me just over an hour to get ready, just in time to leave for the center of town to meet my best guy friend, Craig. Somehow we managed to get a lift from the head of drama club, so we were happy.In the car I was so excited it was unbelievable. Throughout the last few day I have been making known everyone of what happened after I met up with Joannes friends, they know everything she said. I reckon its all on for tonight. Ever since all this Joanne malarkey started, Ive never been able to understand why she does it. Why she doesnt just be herself. Whether shes forgotten her old friends, or just forgotten how she used to be. It just doesnt make sense.By the time we arrived, Joanne w as already there. Laughing, flirting and just being who she wasnt. I was surprised that she noticed Id arrived, oh my mistake she hadnt. The only person she had noticed was Craig, I wanted to hit her so much. When the other girls arrived we decided to spike all her drinks until she blabs, so from then on her drinks werent all innocent and clean, they had been spiked. Only with a little alcohol though.Halfway through the night she was completely wasted. This was our chance to show everyone what Joannes like, and to have our laugh. One person can only do this stunt, and that person was Daniel. Daniel is the best looking guy in our drama club and absolutely every girl at some omen in her life will fancy the pants off him, and for Joanne this was the point in her life. Daniel decided to go with the casual approach, and casually asked her what she thought of drama club and everyone at the party.The bomb had been set off.Once she started she couldnt stop. She thought the girls were bitc hy and annoying, and obviously not as good looking as her. The boys were mainly fit but full of themselves and have massive egos. So basically, she doesnt like anyone there. Although she surprised me when she said the only people she did like were the girls in her year, i.e. my friends and I, and of course she liked Daniel. She explained that she only hung around with the older guys because she was just a tad bit desperate I couldnt wait until the next day.For the next few days I have to say Joanne was hated by nearly everyone. I felt quite bad about what me and Lucy did, telling everyone Joanne was evil. In some ways though Im happy because shes started to go back to her old self when she didnt know the drama club, now everyone gets to be friends with the real her. Not that the older people want to be, that would be just me and the girls.After a month or so the drama club started to warm up to Joanne and her normal self. hereafter parties will never be able to live up to the drama from that party, it was proper immense. I hypothesize thats what drama is all about, isnt it?

Vivian Bearing: a Tragic Heroine That Triumph

Vivian Bearing A Tragic Heroine that Triumph Margaret Edisons play Wit is close to Vivian Bearing, a professor of s tied(p)teenth century poetry, specializing in John Donne. She is a strong willed judgementual existence treated for ovarian cancer. Vivian lives a very secluded spiritedness and avoids human frantic contact. Just desire any tragic hero, Vivian has flaws that pr even upt her from human softness, which leads to her d protestfall. Her treatment of cancer causes her to make weigh that she needs steamy connection, which she has helpless her whole life.Although her flaws are her intellect and wit that cause her an inability to connect emotionally with people approximately her, she becomes noble because she begins to express her emotions and accept kindness. Vivian Bearing has lived an intellectual rather than emotional life. As a child, tuition was very important to her family. On her fifth birthday which she recalls as her best birthday she read a book (Edson 41 ). She would rather read a book than have a party, cake or even having friends over.Reading a book during her birthday is very ironic because she claims this to be her best birthday which is really unique, because this is terrible as any standard for a fifth birthday. Most five year olds want a party and cake. Vivian takes the book and she reads its spine intently. Reading a book attentively on her birthday proves Vivians obsession with learning and expanding her horizons. She is lone(prenominal) interested in learning, non worried about connecting with people her own age or even her family. While she is reading her book, her father sits on his chair disinterested scarce tolerant (Edson 41).Since her father does not pay any attention to her, Vivian is emotionally detached from her father. She only receives commandment and learning. She neer mentions receiving any affection as a child. This is the only time she mentions her childhood. One can only assume that because of this t he characters own remote personality reflects that of her fathers. It is very likely that she never received the gentle touch of affection from her dad, the way she probably would have from her mother, if the mother had been in the picture.We know that her mother died at the age of forty, scarcely other than that, nothing else is either mentioned or displayed regarding her. Vivians intellect and crave for cognition continues to prevent her from human emotional connections. We meet Vivian as a student in a flashback. Her scholarship was her consuming and unrelenting passion, blinding her to other concerns of life like making friends. disdain being advised by her professor to enjoy life, she resorts to withdrawing into the library instead of going out (Edson 15).Her humour and strictness towards her education blinds her treatment of humanity. She remains lonely and uses her education to cover her need for display and needing emotional attachment. She does not enjoy her college lif e like most students do. Her intellect refuses her to show a need of emotional connection with students her own age. Her emotional detachment is sheer when she is told that she has ovarian cancer. Instead of crying and being shitless of death, she begins to analyze and think. Must read something about cancer. Must get some books, articles.Assemble a bibliography, she explains (Edson 8). The characters excessive need for knowledge, which can be perceived as her tragic flaw, causes her to be oblivious to the populace of her diagnosis. Vivian is consumed with learning that she is unable to grasp with the reality that she has a disease that is slowly killing her. Her need for knowledge can be seen as a flaw because this prevents her from becoming psychologically attached to anything or anyone. Vivian thrives on knowledge and her ability to learn and understand things and uses her intellect to avoid human contact.The characters dependance to intellect has shut down her need for any h uman emotions. Vivians wit appears as uncivil and uncaring when she uses her wit to push people away. Vivians undimmed remarks to everything cause people around her and in like manner people that meet her to be unable to create a relationship with Vivian. When Vivian is diagnosed with ovarian cancer, Dr. Kelekian uses the word deadly and defines it as undetectable (Edson 8). Vivian is unable to control her humourous comments and could not resist the urge and decides to tell him the discipline definition saying treacherous. Dr.Kelekian has a negative attitude towards her because of these corrections. Instead of treating her cancer, he decides to use her as research. Dr. Kelekian is unable to feel any compassion for her because she is rude. Vivians wittiness also appears as being uncaring. She is not liked very a great deal by others, due to her unkindness. Previously, when a student asked for an extension on his paper, prof Bearing rejects his request with a heartless comment. Dont tell me, your grandmother died (Edson 63). Then she goes on to say, Do what you will, unless the paper is due when it is due (Edson 63).Instead of showing some sentiment for the student, she is inconsiderate and cold-hearted towards him. She is so evil towards the student that no other student is able to feel comfortable around her and even speak to her as a person. She terrorizes her students inconsiderately and dispassionately. Vivian Bearing uses her wittiness to push people away so she does create an emotional attachment. Being put in hospital causes Vivian to reflect on her life and to realize how much she needs kindness. She even admits to craving kindness.She wants Susie to come see her to the point where she creates an emergency (Edson 64). She begins as an intellect, witty professor who is lonely, but now she is thirsty for a drop of kindness. Vivians hunger for kindness becomes apparent when she allows her nurse to call her sweetheart (Edson 64) or honey(Edson 65). T hese are words Vivian has never been referred to in her life and she is comfortable with them. She realizes that it is acceptable to allow people to treat her like a person and be kind to her. Vivian starts to open up and shows her emotions without any problem or hesitation.At the end of the play when Vivian is lying in her deathbed, alone, shiver scared, and in pain, E. M. comes to her side. When her college professor Ashford comes to visit her, she asks Vivian if she wanted her to recite Donne, she replies nooooo (Edson 79). Vivian is finally realizing that her need for intellect and wit is not what she needs because she has received kindness. The emotional part of life is what she needs and not the complicated poems by Donne. As her time draws to a close, a sea change begins to work in the way Vivian thinks about life.As mentioned in the above paragraphs, Vivian has devoted her life to education and it is only through suffering that she learns that being extremely smart is not e nough. It takes our heroine fifty years, and an insidious cancer to realize that it does not matter in the end how much you know since knowledge cannot possibly comfort you in death. Vivian says this line in the play And death shall be no more, death thou shalt die (Edson 72-73). By these words she learns that death is nothing but a breath, a comma that separates life from life everlasting, Vivians last breath was nothing but a comma and she has now moved on where she will live not by her knowledge, but by her heart. Though her body has died, her soul is awakened. Before Vivians final moments of life, she receives the attention and affection that she never had. She dies with a sense of peacefulness. Vivian Bearing is a very intellectual and witty individual who is dedicated to her savor for knowledge. But because she is consumed by her incredible love for knowledge she lives a secluded life. Her downfall is that she is incapable of showing any emotions to another person.The play di d not leave the audience with a sense of sadness or remorse, but with hope and respect for Vivian Bearing. She lived the final eight months of her life in extreme pain so doctors could gain more knowledge for future cancer patients. In the process, she learns that life is about humanity. This is what brings the audience to believe that this individual is a tragic hero who triumph and leaves one not with a sense of benevolence but one of empathy for her suffering. Work Cited Edson, Margaret. Wit. Oxford Faber & Faber, 1999. Print.

Anthropology Exam Review

The scientific correction of military soulfulnessnels, Including their origins, manner and physical, heathenish and social develop manpowert. Cultural Anthropology Explore how culture has shaped citizenry In the past and present day. material Anthropology Explore where benevolent species came from, how our bodies developed In the present form, and what shows us unique. Psychology The scientific study of the human beings mind, mental states, and human behavior.Sociology The scientific study of human social behavior, including individuals, groups, and societies. Inquiry Model A scientific model used to organize thoughts, observations and relevant scientific information ternarying us to new questions and ideas. strike the business or question Develop a hypothesis Gather data Analyze the data Draw conclusion Archaeology Excavate physical remains of past cultures to commiserate and reconstruct them.Some study cultures with no written record (prehistory) or study sites that h ave a recorded history to subjunction their understanding of the culture. Linguistic Anthropology nurture human languages and how language affects and expresses culture. Ethnology The study of the origins and cultures of deferent races and citizenrys. They argon concerned with marriage customs, kinship patterns, political and economic systems, religion, art, music and technology. Most often study a culture by and done dissipateicipant observation. Humans vs..Primates Similarities Differences The bond between mother and infant is important for survival Humans are the moreover primates adapted to Bipedal Have a very long infant addiction period (Time until an individual can reproduce) Humans have the longest infant dependency period of both(prenominal) other mammal Have eminence hierarchies and aggression among the males for access to food and females Humans are the only primates with a symbolic, spoken language and the physical ability of speech Groom or lite one another Humans are the only primates who live In groups and mate In pairs Communicate done facial expressions, touch, visualization, and body language Humans develop grasping feet, forward go about eyes and relatively large brains Pharmacology Study the anatomy and behaviors of living primates. Paleontology The study of human ancestors based on evidence from distant evolutionary past. Human Variation Genetic differences between pile and populations to understand the differences between people. They take heed to find out how and why human beings are different and try to understand these differences from an evolutionary perspective. Forensic Anthropology Help legal agencies to identify human remains after atomic reactor disasters, wars, homicides, suicides, or accidental deaths. They are usually paleontologists or archaeologists who have spent days studying human bones and fossils. assimilation All of the learned behaviors, beliefs, positions, and ideals of a particular ordering or p opulation. Culture is Learned a We learn most thoughts, behaviors and values we continue to learn for our life Culture is Shared a If a group or society think backs or acts in particular ways, those become part of culture b If a small group shares cultural value, they whitethorn belong to a SUBCULTURE Share characteristics of the overall culture, nevertheless also have important distinctive ideas and behaviors Culture Defines Nature a Culture can limit, fulfill, lose ones temper or in other ways influence our biological inevitably and inherited goencies Culture Shapes how we discern and Understand the World Ex.Intuit have numerous ways to describe snow because it was important to their survival Culture has Patterns a Cultures arent random collections of belief and behavior if one aspect changes, so do others b place cultures are certain core values and world views that are usually taken for granted by members of the culture c We are often unaware of the values we hold becau se they seem self-evident unregulated Interview No questions are pre-established and the research worker has little control over a respondents answers. Pros Allow researcher to probe out his or her initial ideas and can lead to a greater understanding of the issuing Cons May be deception between interviewer and interviewee Semi-structured Interview Go with an outline of types of information pauperizationed notwithstanding not a strict list of questions. Pros Good if you have one chance to meet the mortal Cons It can be easy to stray away from the topic you need info on merged Interview Use a set list of questions that dont change. Should be used when researcher is very light(a) on the topic and other information is easily available.Pros Can be used efficiently by non-experts Does not require relationship Can produce consistent data Cons Cannot adapt to change and are closed questions May obtain limited answers Participant Observation Observes a group and participates as a m ember. Kinship Systems Bilinear A system of family descent where blood links and rights of inheritance through both male and female ancestors are of equal importance. Matrilineal Societies in which descent is traced through mothers tailher than through puzzles. Patrimonial A system in which family descent is reckoned through the blood links of males. Types of Marriage monogamy A relationship where an individual has one partner. ProsOnly legal type of marriage in Canada Loyalty to to each one other Prevents Sexually Transmitted Infections Cons Higher divorce rate Change partners over a life High divorce and remarriage rate Polygamy A form of marriage that involves quadruplicate partners. Pros Symbol of wealth and acquiring wealth Man is cared for by multiple people Enjoy company of copies Emotionally and financially unmanageable Unequal love Confusion of family Bridgewater (A cultural system where the groom essential pay a father in order to marry his daughter Polyandry A form of marriage with one wife and multiple husbands pros Lots of space Sexual rights and economic responsibilities Can respond to different environmental and social constraints Cons change magnitude workload Must look after all husbands Love Marriage A person chooses who they want to marry.Choose your life partner Personal desires are important 50% percent divorce rate in USA, and 33% in Canada Families may not be close since one family may not corresponding the other Arranged Marriage Someone else chooses the spouse for the person. Pros Only 5-7% divorce rate Close family ties, broaden family crime syndicates and parental support in maintaining the marriage Cons No real feelings of love for other person Couples private desires arent as important Religion Cultural beliefs of the supernatural that people use to cope with problems of existence. Religious questions encourage people to understand ultimate questions such(prenominal) as wherefore are we here? What is death? Why does e vil happen to some and not others?Religion satisfies psychological needs common to all people in the faces of uncertainty Religion provides community and affirms a persons place in society, making its believers feel part of a community and giving them confidence Multiculturalism An ideology that states that all cultures are of equal value and would be promoted equally within the same nation. Acculturation The meeting of two or more cultural groups and the resulting cultural changes to each group. Assimilation Individuals want to have daily inter live up to with other cultural groups and leave slowly their own cultural heritage. Schools of Psychology Behaviorism Behavioral conditioning in the forms of uncorrupted and operant conditioning.Psychoanalysis ID Expresses intimate and aggressive instincts follows the pleasure principle EGO Mediates between desires of the old and the demands of the Superego follows the laity principle SUPEREGO Represents conscience and the rules of societ y the moral centre of the mind Humanism Hierarchy of Needs Describes the theory of motivation, explaining that basic needs must be fulfilled before higher-order needs become important. Safety Needs Belongingness and love Needs look upon Needs Self-Actualization Cognitive The mental process in the brain associated with thinking, knowing and remembering. Classical Conditioning Created by Ivan Pavlov A kind of learning that occurs when a conditioned stimulus (CSS) is paired with an unconditioned stimulus (US) EX.Dog drooling test He knew he could get an unconditioned response (drooling) when he presented the unconditioned stimulus (food) To test his theory, Pavlov took a neutral stimulus (bell) and began to ring it at the same time that the dog received its food aft(prenominal) a while, the dog began to associate the sound of the bell with receiving food, a conditioned stimulus, since it produced a conditioned response Operant Conditioning Created by B. F. Skinner A type of learnin g in which an individuals behavior is change by its antecedents and consequences EX. Rat and pigeon experiment Skinner developed a box that had a bar on one wall When pressed, a food pellet fell into the cage Inside the box, a rat was rewarded with food each time it pressed the bar Within a short time, the rat was furiously peddling away hoarding its pellets in the cage Erik Erikson believed that humans continue to develop over their life history rather than just in their childhood.He also believed that individual growth depends on society, not Just person-to-person experiences. Anxiety trouble Affects a persons behavior, thoughts, emotions, and physical health. Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) Worrying, nervousness, tension Obsessive-compulsive Disorder (COD) Obsessions and compulsions Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PUTS) After a person is exposed a traumatic event natural depression Mood disorder involving a pervasive, unhappy, or irritable mood. It is much more severe than Just unhappiness, and may interfere with a persons life if not treated. Bi-Polar Disorder A mental illness characterized by periods of howling(a) mood and periods of depression.Behavioral Change Model Pre-contemplation Not thinking about or intending to change a problem Contemplation Aware of a desire to change a particular behavior Preparation The action is intended in the near future, typically measured as within the next thirty age Action Marks the beginning of the actual change occurring Maintenance Maintaining this new behavior Attribution system We link the behavior of others to their disposition or to an external situation. As a result, your interpretation of a person can be different than a friends view. We are more likely to attribute a persons behavior to their internal disposition rather than a situation.Fundamental Attribution Theory The tendency to overestimate the impact of arsenal disposition and underestimate the impact of social influences when analyzing the behaviors of others. Social thinking affects behavior by affecting principal and cognizance. (Sensation Activates sense receptors) (Perception Select, organize and interpret data). Attitude affects behavior Attitudes are infectious and can affect the people that are near the person, which in turn can influence their behavior. Motivation directs behavior towards specific goals. cordial health affects behavior by creating irregular social norms. Intrinsic Motivation Desire to perform a task for its own sake.Extrinsic Motivation Desire to perform a task due to external factors, such as reward, threat or punishment. Attitude and Behavior Consistency Theory Assume that individuals need eubstance between perspective and behavior. Change attitude by creating inconsistency in knowledge and behavior. Learning Theories Study the influence of stimuli on other stimuli to create an emotional response. Change attitude by using classical and operant conditioning techniques. Social Judgment Theories Study how prior attitudes change the perspectives of persuasive messages that influence their persuasion. Changed attitude by taking fair and unbiased messages. Functional Theories Questions proposed of attitudes.Change attitude by creating inconsistency between an attitude and a function. Structural Functionalism Takes the view that various segments of society serve a purpose for society as a whole they believe that social problems are temporary and institutions will improve over time. Sociologist Emilie penchant Conflict Theory Expresses the view that power, not function, holds a society together. Society is seen as groups of people performing together in contender and in this, may erupt to bring about change. Sociologist Karl Marx Symbolic Interactions Focuses on how individuals learn about their culture how they subjectively interpret, then act upon their social world.Sociologist Max Weber libber Sociology Focuses on women and gender equality in society. They emp hasize a better understanding of the social roles of men and women in different cultures. Sociologist Dorothy Smith Primary and Secondary Agents of Colonization Family The family is responsible for meeting the individuals basic needs and providing beliefs needed to survive in this world. It is within the family structure that you are first introduced to right and wrong, proper and improper, and eliminate and inappropriate. The family shapes behavior throughout life, and is the first agent a person is introduced to. A family is any combination of two or more people who are bound together over time.Types of Families Nuclear Family A family that consists of spouses and their unfree children Extended A family system in which several generations live together in one household Lone-parent A family that consists of one family living with one or more pendent children Blended Family A family in which split up partners with children from a previous union marry Same-Sex Family A family tha t consists of two individuals of the same gender, with to without kids School/Work Lasts 12-20 years of an individuals life. School socializes children in knowledge, skills, and attitudes necessary to help them function in society. Work typically lasts until the age of 65 or until the person can retire. School and work teach attitudes, and habits, such as organization, responsibility, promptness, cooperation, and respect for authority.Peer Groups At age 2-3, children come into contact with their peer groups which brings along with it new personality types, behaviors and attitudes. Adolescent peer groups tend to influence colonization to a greater degree due to the rapid change in society. Helps to understand relationships and situations like friendliness, compromising, dealing with disappointment, and coping with rejection. Culture and Religion Each culture has a different perception of gender roles. Society generally determines appropriate roles for a man or woman. Religion is an a spect of ultra and also plays a socializing role in a persons life. It is usually introduced first Media Media influences what we say, how we say it, what we think etc.Positive Influences Informing us of new policies/laws, promoting healthy eating and exercise, encouraging family values Negative Influences Focusing on negative aspects, promotes negative behaviors Social Identity The way you define yourself to the world and to yourself. Life Stages Not everyone passes through them, nor do they have to occur in the same order Stereotype An exaggerated view or Judgment made about a group or class of people. Discrimination The act of treating groups of individuals below the belt based on their race, gender, or other common characteristics. Prejudice An individual judgment, about or supple hostility towards another social group.Formation of Discrimination Learned Theory Not innate Learned through colonization Children often carry prejudicial views until adolescence Can learn through media Competition Theory The key reason for discrimination is economic competition Whenever an economic crisis occurs, people assume immigrants are responsible Creates competition between unemployed and immigrants Frustration-Aggression Theory Shortcomings an individual experiences financially provides reason to resent a group that bulge out to have greater wealth Frustration can be displaced and turned into culture Can lead to escape goats Ignorance Theory Lack of personal and social experience can cause people to make incorrect assumptions about someone If we refuse to learn, we may see actions as strange or unpaired Norms Expectations about how people should behave. Sanctions Rules within a group that encourage or discourage certain kinds or behavior.Rioting Takes place because of civil disorder/social grievance. Panic An irrational response by individuals or a group that is caused by a dangerous event. Abnormal Colonization Child maltreat Physical Abuse Assault or inflicting personal harm inappropriately Neglect The failure to provide physical or emotional necessities of life. Emotional Abuse Repeatedly criticizing or subjecting a child to an unhappy or deplorable environment. Feral Children deserted at a young age and were raised by animals. Ex. Joana Malay (Discovered at the age of 8 in her backyard, raised by dogs) Isolate Children raised in near isolation within human households.

Assignment Supporting Change Within Organisations Essay

It was once said that the only constant is mixture which is true. This change throne be a major change or a subtle one, either way change is still constant. The lead for change can either be a voluntary or prompted by the organisation, these atomic number 18 likewise known as internal and international drivers. With internal the decision and outcome lies with the fraternity however when it comes to external drivers these are out with the keep play alongs control and they substantiate no say over it. extend to of changeThe impact of change can consume a huge effect on the company but also with the employees and one of the greatest challenges to companies is patroning employees deal with this change. Any kind of change inside an organisation can affect employees in different ways some may find the changes positive(p) and appeal it with enthusiasm but the majority will struggle with change and react negatively. These can falsify from confusion, conflict, stress, fear of losing their job, lack of motivation, dec reportd self-confidence and loss of trust between the employee and company.need for changeInternal FactorsAs stated previously, thither are umpteen tenablenesss for change within a company and V.Group has recently trenchant to rebrand the self-coloured international company as well as globally reconstitute within the company alike. The main internal driver for this was global influence as V. Group felt this would be an prospect to help global partnerships recognise how vast and diverse V.Group is as previously each subsidiary company under the V.Group umbrella had its own individual logo however looking at it from a nodes point of view they did not know each of these companies where part of the same group in turn globally ensuring its customers recognise their brand.Another internal reason was to check up on processes, systems IT and conference were all undifferentiated throughout the whole company. As there are many offices worl dwide, it was also another good reason to bring the company closer together as one and procure everything was unified.V.Groups decision to restructure also had an internal driver. They saw a weakness in their processes and procedures which were not consistent throughout the whole group. In order to ensure a consistent and solid approach going forward, they have headstrong to allocate HR Consultants for four different regions of the world which would mean these consultants would be more than accessible to the active HR local reps and the consultants would make sure the local HR reps consistently follow the V.Group procedure throughout. outer FactorsApart from internal drivers there are also external drivers that can have an impact on a company which means the business has no control over. One external driver is expert as V.Groups need to ensure their customers and potential client are aware of all V.Groups services therefore the most effective way to do this is through social me dia and the companys website.need for changeWithin the Economic reckon, changes to the economy can have an impact. We have employees all over world therefore when this declines it can make thecompany reflect and assess how many skilled or non-skilled employees there are and if they are truly needed. The Environmental factor could have an influence our company too and how it operates. Any climate change can have an impact on the ships we are managing on behalf of clients. If we have an agreement where we have promised a client we can manage and maintain a ship on their behalf but failed to provide this due to weather restrictions then this can affect the client / customer relationship.change impacting the businessChange can affect businesses in different ways and there are many reasons. One change can be an organisational re-structure, where there may be many redundancies or more positively existing employees being given the opportunity to be promoted. Either way this can have an im pact at all levels in the company. Another change can be, working policies and procedures where at show they might not reflect the company in the best light therefore it can impose on _or_ oppress the companys reputation. Another change could be mergers and take-overs which can sometimes leave employees feeling perplexing about their future with the company, loss of trust and experience staff leaving.main factorsWith any change there are many factors involved within the process itself however communication has to be the bring up factor involved in the change process. Without this you cannot expect line private instructors or employees to support the change. With communication you need to ensure employees feel positive. It is also good practice the company adapts its style of communication depending on their audience and where they are in the change. Where one style might suit senior management, this might not be divert for administrators or cleaners. Communication can have a h uge impact on the end result, it can also help to ensure targets are met, everything is kept in control and no employee disregards the change. Lack of communication could lead to frustration and lack of trust with employees.An additional factor is positively selling the change and saddle horse thedirection the company is heading in. Within this you need to research and investigate potential threats or obstacles what could cash in ones chips in the future and then communication this to employees to ensure their buy in.Another diagnose factor is mobilisation. Ensuring that ahead the change process begin there is enough resources to deliver. This can be down to current exposit might be too small, training might be required on a mod IT system or existing employees might need re-training. Training will not only help with mobilisation but it will also help employees feel motivated and feel valued by the company.COMPARE AND CONTRASTChange is viewed in many different ways and over the years there have been different models and theories on how it is best handled. Developed by Bullock and Batten in 1985 they provided a framework on how each phase should be tackled. Their three main phases are Exploration chassisPlanning PhaseAction PhaseWhen V.Group began their re-structure they followed these phases quite similarly. They initially reviewed and verified what change was needed, who it would affect and what hardly would be involved. In this step the V.Group executive board initially sat down and treated at distance why this change was needed and would it benefit the company long term. Once this was then concord, they then agreed what actions would be needed and subsequently their consequences too. With this phase it was decided over the course of several month that key members of senior management would hold planning meetings to discuss various issues or present different ideas with a view of presenting this to the executive board once complete. Finally for the action phase, local meetings were held by each manager for their team to advise / present the new structure.After reviewing V.Groups approach to this, it could have been approached slightly differently and this might have helped the transition run smoother. Initially the executive board sat down to discuss the change however once this was done they could have also had variousmeetings with senior management to sire a different view point but to also help prevent any behaviour responses like fear and lack of trust and ensure they felt included. Within the next stage key senior management could have kept other members of senior management up to date with progress.It is silent that not every member of senior management throughout V.Group could be involved however to ensure other non-selected members were updated regularly would have helped with communication throughout. When they final phase was introduce, to present locally was the best approach however they could have also asked for feedback and reviews from employees. This would make them feel involved even at this late stage. behavioral RESPONSESThere are many behaviour responses in which employees can show when change occurs within an organisation. The main one being fear. This can be merely fair of the unknown as they are apply working a certain way and fear the unknown. There might also be dismay levels of employee morale due to lack of communication from management or no support or aim from their line manager. Another response is the Psychological Contract which can have a negative impact. virtually employees work under a mutual respect unwritten where they might come in proterozoic or work late to finish some work without being paid however a negative impact can mean these employees would decide as they are not being paid for it then they would not work it.HR SUPPORTThere are many ways HR can support employees on all levels during change. Within V.Group HR help employees by providing coaching o n seeking new employment. HR can also be an advisor and give guidance to line managers or employees who need it. We can also provide support by listening, counselling, and supporting line managers. HR also provide administrative subtle support in background whether this be from providing a credit rating to a new employer to ensuring all their details are up to date and correct.